Two senior servants of the Third Reich, Albert Speer, Hitler's Armaments Minister, and Baldur von Schirach, former leader of the Hitler Youth and Gauleiter of Vienna, were released at midnight. Naval armaments were not under Speer's supervision until October 1943, nor the Luftwaffe's armaments until June of the following year. Inside the Third Reich. Summary: "Inside the Third Reich is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. William. "[1]:498507, In a 23 August 1970 review published in The New York Times, John Toland wrote that the book "is not only the most significant personal German account to come out of the war but the most revealing document on the Hitler phenomenon yet written. Those who feigned illness, slacked off, sabotaged production or tried to escape were denied food or sent to concentration camps. With Rutger Hauer, John Gielgud, Maria Schell, Blythe Danner. . Albert was active in sports, taking up skiing and mountaineering. Thanks! [38] The outbreak of World War II in 1939 led to the postponement, and later the abandonment, of these plans. Beginning in 1948, Speer had the services of Toni Proost, a sympathetic Dutch orderly to smuggle mail and his writings. Inventing for Speer the post of General Inspector of Buildings, Hitler steadily promoted him to the point where other Nazi leaders and rivals believed that he might well become Hitler's successor. Speer's joint undertaking with the SS leadership resulted in the creation of Mittelwerk (Central Works) for underground production of the V-2. 4.10 avg rating 13,205 ratings published 1969 86 editions. [1]:488498,569, Speer's involvement with concentration camp prisoners as a work force came about when Hitler agreed to Himmler's proposal they be used for the secret V-2 project. A dramatization of the life of Albert Speer (Rutger Hauer), Adolf Hitler's (Sir Derek Jacobi's) young architect and one-time confidant, and his meteoric rise into the Nazi hierarchy. Speer was formally arrested on May 23rd. - London, Anglia, 1981. szeptember 1.) Speer made no mention of it in the first draft of Inside the Third Reich. Profile manager: Gordon Becker [ send private message ] They paid for Toni Proost to go on holiday, and for bribes to those who might be able to secure Speer's release. Study now. [121] There he was known as Prisoner Number Five. [5], Following his release from Spandau, Speer donated the Chronicle, his personal diary, to the German Federal Archives. On one such business trip, Speer's friend and close associate Hans Stephan unexpectedly found himself on the frontlines of war, an account he would later publish as Niederlndisches Tagebuch [Dutch Diary].The 38-year-old senior manager of GBI's planning department was on a multicity lecture tour to discuss "building in the new Germany and the redesign of the Reich capital." An architect by training, Speer joined the Nazi Party in 1931. Hitler's cabinet was dismayed at his tactics, but, regardless, he was able to accumulate new responsibilities and more power. Albert Speer, Hitler's architect, who became Minister of Armaments and War Production in World War II, died today at St. Mary's Hospital. [22] Speer quickly became part of Hitler's inner circle; he was expected to call on him in the morning for a walk or chat, to provide consultation on architectural matters, and to discuss Hitler's ideas. Under his leadership, the Nazis implemented a brutal regime of slave labour in armaments factories across Germany. It is considered to be one of the most detailed descriptions of the inner workings and leadership of Nazi Germany but is controversial because of Speer's lack of discussion of Nazi atrocities and questions regarding his degree of awareness or involvement with them. A brick factory was built near the Oranienburg concentration camp at Speer's behest; when someone commented on the poor conditions there, Speer stated, "The Yids got used to making bricks while in Egyptian captivity". In 1937, Hitler appointed Speer as General Building Inspector for Berlin. Speer was born in Mannheim, into an upper-middle-class family. [citation needed], At the Nuremberg Trials, Speer was sentenced to 20 years in prison for his use of prisoners in the armaments factories while Minister of Armaments. [19] This work won Speer his first national post, as Nazi Party "Commissioner for the Artistic and Technical Presentation of Party Rallies and Demonstrations". However, his other brother Ernst had died in the Battle of Stalingrad, despite repeated requests from his parents for Speer to repatriate him. (Black and white photographs from Albert Speer: His Battle With Truth by Gitta Sereny, published by Picador) To date, the foundation has given more than 500,000 in grants to more than 100 Jewish women for projects. Through his autobiographies and interviews, Speer carefully constructed an image of himself as a man who deeply regretted having failed to discover the monstrous crimes of the Third Reich. This miracle was brought to a halt in the summer of 1943 by, among other factors, the first sustained Allied bombing. The SS called this "Professor Speer's Special Programme". It is primarily based on the memoirs of Gertraud "Traudl" Junge ( Alexandra Maria Lara ), one of Hitler's secretaries, and is one of the most accurate portrayals of the last, desperate days of the Third Reich and its effects on the Fhrer, his closest aides, and ordinary Germans. He spent the rest of his life attempting to enhance this image and erase any doubt that he did not participate or know about the Nazi atrocities. Speer returned to London in 1981 to participate in the BBC Newsnight programme. Speer in response used his propaganda expertise to display a new dynamism of the war economy. After serving. Speer went on to quote Hitler as telling him privately after the remilitarization of the Rhineland, "We will create a great empire. Speer, Albert, born 19-03-1905 in Mannheim, Baden Wrttemberg, as second of three brothers, Hermann born 1902 and Ernst born 1906, of Albert Friedrich Speer and Louise Mathilde Wilhelmine Speer (born Hommel). bio je arhitekt i ministar naoruanja u nacistikoj Njemakoj. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (/pr/; German: [pe] (listen); 19 March 1905 1 September 1981) was a German architect who served as the Minister of Armaments and War Production in Nazi Germany during most of World War II. He continued to deny explicit knowledge of, and responsibility for the Holocaust. [154] In his memoirs and interviews, he had distorted the truth and made so many major omissions that his lies became known as "myths". Speer's mother asked Albert to do something to get Ernst out. The battle is infamous as one of the largest . [37] Speer hired Wolters as part of his design team, with special responsibility for the Prachtstrasse. [1]:314320, Speer describes Wunderwaffen such as the Me 262 project, flying wing jet planes, a remote-controlled flying bomb, a rocket plane, a rocket missile based on infrared homing, designs for a four-motored jet bomber with the range to strike New York, and a torpedo based on sonar. [12] In Munich Speer began a close friendship, ultimately spanning over 50 years, with Rudolf Wolters, who also studied under Tessenow. Secured early release from prison, became a media celebrity and successfully cultivated the "clean Speer" myth. Speer first heard Adolf Hitler speak during an address to the combined students and faculty of Berlin University and his institute. Initially, the funds were used only to support Speer's family, but increasingly the money was used for other purposes. [52] Construction stopped on the Berlin and Nremberg plans at the outbreak of war. It is considered to be one of the most detailed descriptions of the inner workings and leadership of Nazi Germany but is controversial because of Speer's lack of discussion of Nazi . [148] In October 1973, he made his first trip to Britain, flying to London to be interviewed on the BBC Midweek programme. The film began a process of demystification and critical reappraisal. The second season of the PBS series looks at Hitler's planning and the battle that would ultimately cripple the Third Reich. [55] On 8 February 1942, Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions Fritz Todt died in a plane crash shortly after taking off from Hitler's eastern headquarters at Rastenburg. This led to a significant German Army failure at the Battle of Prokhorovka, a major turning point on the Eastern Front against the Soviet Red Army. Speer's desperate mother called Speer . [157] In return they were paid handsomely in royalties and other financial inducements. He added a stone exterior that pleased Hitler. Speer was Adolf Hitler's chief architect before assuming ministerial office. "[118], Speer was credited with an "armaments miracle". Oil production became so low that any possibility of offensive action became impossible and weaponry lay idle. In July1932, the Speers visited Berlin to help out the Party before the Reichstag elections. [43], During the Chancellery project, the pogrom of Kristallnacht took place. He was credited with a dramatic increase in the shipment of arms that was widely reported as keeping Germany in the war. This carried with it the rank of State Secretary in the Reich government and gave him extraordinary powers over the Berlin city government. Unsubstantiated rumors have claimed that the remains were used for other building projects such as the Humboldt University, Mohrenstrae metro station and Soviet war memorials in Berlin. [113] Speer was indicted on four counts: participating in a common plan or conspiracy for the accomplishment of crime against peace; planning, initiating and waging wars of aggression and other crimes against peace; war crimes; and crimes against humanity. [145], Speer's memoirs were a phenomenal success. By Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. all Albert Speer wanted was to feel important. [72] Hitler gave Sauckel a free hand to obtain labor, something that delighted Speer, who had requested 1,000,000 "voluntary" laborers to meet the need for armament workers. It was only on the urgent advice of his publisher that he added a mention of seeing the ruins of the Central Synagogue in Berlin from his car. [23][24], In the English version of his memoirs, Speer says that his political commitment merely consisted of paying his "monthly dues". Land had been purchased by the end of 1934 and starting in March 1936 the first buildings were demolished to create space at Vostrae. It's the end of an era: The company's founder Professor Albert Speer passes away in September aged 83. From 1939 on, Speer's Department used the Nuremberg Laws to evict Jewish tenants of non-Jewish landlords in Berlin, to make way for non-Jewish tenants displaced by redevelopment or bombing. [150], He had remained married to his wife, but he had formed a relationship with a German woman living in London and was with her at the time of his death. Brother of Hermann Speer and Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer. Its aim was to ensure the preservation and growth of fighter aircraft production. [91], On 14 April 1944, Speer lost control of Organisation Todt to his Deputy, Franz Xaver Dorsch. Albert Speer (Mannheim, Nmetorszg, 1905. mrcius 19. Albert Speer was a close confidant of Hitler, and the Third Reich's most celebrated architect. [6] He followed in the footsteps of his father and grandfather and studied architecture. [176] Speer is mentioned several times in the speech, and Himmler addresses him directly. Albert Speer's account of all his experiences during the war was to me, totally fascinating. Having served his full term, Speer was released in 1966. [136] Speer served a full term and was released at midnight on 1 October 1966. Speer states that even if Germany concentrated all of its resources, it would have been 1947 before they could have had an atom bomb. [155] In addition to the myth that he was an apolitical technocrat, he claimed he did not have full knowledge of the Holocaust or the persecution of the Jews. [82] In mid-January 1944, Speer had a lung embolism and fell seriously ill. [9] In 1925, he transferred again, this time to the Technical University of Berlin where he studied under Heinrich Tessenow, whom Speer greatly admired. [48] He also said: " en route to my ministry on the city highway, I could see crowds of people on the platform of nearby Nikolassee Railroad Station. [152], After his release from Spandau, Speer portrayed himself as the "good Nazi". "[115] Speer's attorney, Hans Flchsner, successfully contrasted Speer from other defendants[116] and portrayed him as an artist thrust into political life who had always remained a non-ideologue. After the war, Speer was among the 24 "major war criminals" arrested and charged with the crimes of the Nazi regime at the Nuremberg trials. sent during this battle. [68] Hitler was closely involved with the design of the tanks, but kept changing his mind about the specifications. Albert Speer Jr., one of the most important German architects and urban planners, died unexpectedly on September 15, 2017 in Frankfurt. Victoria married. Most days he was invited to dinner. [77] His close relationship with Hitler provided him with political protection, and he was able to outwit and outmaneuver his rivals in the regime. He was more forthright in an interview with William Hamsher in which he said he joined the party in order to save "Germany from Communism". There's a small road going to the right. Prisoners worked for Junkers, Messerschmitt, Henschel and BMW, among others. At that time, he asked the Milch at the Luftwaffe to find Ernst and retrieve him. Speer (Albert Speer's brother) and his life. Speer's own staff described the conditions there as "hell". Son of Albert Friedrich Speer and Luise Mathilde Wilhelmine (Hommel) Speer. [28], One of Speer's first commissions after Troost's death was the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg. He fabricated the additional details. [122] Speer's parents died while he was incarcerated. For propaganda Hitler claimed during the topping-out ceremony on 2 August 1938, that he had ordered Speer to complete the new chancellery that year. [130] Speer also read, studied architectural journals, and brushed up on English and French. They're private residences. [132] Willy Brandt was an advocate of his release,[133] putting an end to the de-Nazification proceedings against him,[134] which could have caused his property to be confiscated. On 23 May, two weeks after the surrender of German forces, British troops arrested the members of the Flensburg Government and brought Nazi Germany to a formal end. by punktlich02 29 Oct 2009, 11:35, Return to The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section. Despite his opposition to the 20 July plot, he falsely claimed in his memoirs to have been sympathetic to the plotters. While they were there his friend, Nazi Party official Karl Hanke recommended the young architect to Joseph Goebbels to help renovate the Party's Berlin headquarters. [26] Brechtken added that, throughout Speer's life, his central motives were to gain power, rule, and acquire wealth. [90] By this time, 140,000 people were working in Speer's underground factories. [93] He opposed the assassination attempt against Hitler on 20 July 1944. These centered on a three-mile-long grand boulevard running from north to south, which Speer called the Prachtstrasse, or Street of Magnificence;[35] he also referred to it as the "NorthSouth Axis". Inside the Third Reich: Directed by Marvin J. Chomsky. Three days later, he also proposed to Hitler that Germany's remaining military resources be concentrated along the Rhine and Vistula rivers in an attempt to prolong the fighting. At the southern end of the avenue, a great triumphal arch, almost 400 feet (120m) high and able to fit the Arc de Triomphe inside its opening, was planned. Sereny decided to complete the book alone . [58] Characteristically Hitler did not give Speer any clear remit; he was left to fight his contemporaries in the regime for power and control. There were so many corpses at the Dora underground factory, for example, that the crematorium was overwhelmed. [7], Speer began his architectural studies at the University of Karlsruhe instead of a more highly acclaimed institution because the hyperinflation crisis of 1923 limited his parents' income. by PanzerKavallerie 27 Jul 2005, 07:49, Post [176] In 2007, The Guardian reported that a letter from Speer dated 23 December 1971, had been found in a collection of his correspondence with Hlne Jeanty, the widow of a Belgian resistance fighter. There was no communication. Hitler commissioned him to design and construct structures including the Reich Chancellery and the Nazi party rally grounds in Nuremberg. [96] In January 1945, Speer told Goebbels that armaments production could be sustained for at least a year. Then it was too late; Germany had been destroyed. For early access to our videos, discounted merch and many other exclusive perks please support us as a Patron or Member.Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/the. Speer was aided in shaping the works by Joachim Fest and Wolf Jobst Siedler from the publishing house Ullstein. "[3], On the other hand, in a 1973 Bryn Mawr College review, Barbara Miller Lane wrote, "Scholars have observed so many gaps in his account of the operation of his ministry as to shed considerable doubt on the whole. [98] Nevertheless, Speer believed that Germany should continue the war for as long as possible with the goal of winning better conditions from the Allies than the unconditional surrender they insisted upon. He remained so even after his release from imprisonment in 1966, despite their efforts to forge closer bonds. Po vlce byl bhem Norimberskho procesu odsouzen jako vlen zloinec ke 20 letm vzen. On 27 January 1938, Speer received plenipotentiary powers from Hitler to finish the new chancellery by 1 January 1939. Sauckel had whole villages in France, Holland and Belgium forcibly rounded up and shipped to Speer's factories. [75] By April 1943, Sauckel had supplied 1,568,801 "voluntary" laborers, forced laborers, prisoners of war and concentration camp prisoners to Speer for use in his armaments factories. Hitler appointed Speer, whose work for Goebbels had impressed him, to manage the building site for Troost. Speer liked the scenario so much that he wrote it into his memoirs. I'd like to know more about his life; all I know is that he was inside Stalingrad's. The family learned of this through some letters Ernst sent. [29] Speer modified Werner March's design for the Olympic Stadium being built for the 1936 Summer Olympics. Startseite; Cytologie. After one of these briefings, Hitler invited Speer to lunch, to the architect's great excitement. the atmosphere was said the best ever it was actually worded they After his release on 1 October 1966, he used Federal Archive documents to rework the material into his autobiography. - Han var ikke sdan en morfar, man sad p skdet af, og . Efforts were made and a search of Ernst's unit ended in failure. After August 1944, oil from the Romanian fields was no longer available. [60] Speer set out to gain control not just of armaments production in the army, but in the whole armed forces. Speer's illness coincided with the Allied "Big Week", a series of bombing raids on the German aircraft factories that were a devastating blow to aircraft production. [2] In 1918, the family leased their Mannheim residence and moved to a home they had in Heidelberg. See answer (1) Copy. It was for the maltreatment of these people, that Speer was principally convicted at the Nuremberg Trials. The Battle of Stalingrad was a brutal military campaign between Russian forces and those of Nazi Germany and the Axis powers during World War II. Minister for Armaments. Hitler became interested in Speer through his own interest in the arts. [173] In 2005, The Daily Telegraph reported that documents had surfaced indicating that Speer had approved the allocation of materials for the expansion of Auschwitz concentration camp after two of his assistants inspected the facility on a day when almost a thousand Jews were massacred. FC Bayern Munich opens a new sports complex with a youth academy planned by AS+P. Albert Speer (fdt Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer den 19. marts 1905 i Mannheim, dd 1. september 1981 i London) var en tysk arkitekt, der under 2. verdenskrig var rustningsminister (Reichsminister fr Bewaffnung und Munition) i Nazi-Tyskland.Lnge inden ministerudnvnelsen havde Speer vret Adolf Hitlers foretrukne arkitekt.. Speer blev medlem af nazistpartiet i 1931. Nobody else in Hitler's circle, not even Josef Goebbels, was shown such favoritism. [177] The rational position to adopt was to seek a political solution that would end the war without defeat. Trevor-Roper frequently refers to Speer as "a technocrat [who] nourished a technocrat's philosophy", one who cared only for his building projects or his ministerial duties, and who thought that politics was irrelevant, at least until Hitler's Nero Decree which Speer, according to his own telling, worked assiduously to counter. One thing that happened in early 1840 of Victoria time was that The designs were rushed into production, and the completed submarines were crippled by flaws which resulted from the way they had been constructed. [135] Speer's efforts for an early release came to naught. Speer provided Hitler with a memorandum on 15 March, which detailed Germany's dire economic situation and sought approval to cease demolitions of infrastructure. [95], Losses of territory and a dramatic expansion of the Allied strategic bombing campaign caused the collapse of the German economy from late 1944. Albert Speer (n.Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer, 19 martie 1905 d. 1 septembrie 1981) a fost un arhitect german care a fost, pentru o parte din al Doilea Rzboi Mondial, ministrul al narmrii i produciei de rzboi pentru al Treilea Reich.Speer a fost arhitectul preferat al lui Adolf Hitler, nainte de a ocupa posturi ministeriale.i-a asumat responsabilitatea pentru crimele . Speer was loyal to Hitler, and his experience building prisoner of war camps and other structures for the military qualified him for the job. This led to the development of Germany's first cyclotron. The film presents original videos from the Nazi Germany period and conversations with Speer, in which the great deception he tried to present at the Nuremberg trials and in his book is revealed.[6]. [139] Although he stated he hoped to resume an architectural career, his sole project, a collaboration for a brewery, was unsuccessful. 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