The vast empire over which he reigned included Judah, and the empire maintained a regional administrative hub in the city of Lachish. He founded the first Persian Empire in 559 BC, and conquered the Median Empire, the Lydian Empire, and the Neo-Babylonian Empire during his 30 year reign. in some translations Xerxes (the Wikipedia
what complicates the question even more is that extra-biblical sources indicate
in the main chart. Persia starting around 650 B.C. Dreams and visions were common for Persian rulers during that era in history and it would seem as if God was sending Cyrus the Great another message. Nebuchadnezzar begins siege of Jerusalem. The Story of the Bible - Part One - The Old Testament. That puts a lot of BC dates out of place. and is mentioned in . There was also a period when the Hellenistic Macedonian and Greek successors of Alexander the Great, known as Seleucids, ruled Persia. Even the image of Nebuchadnezzars dream makes full sense. 6993. That would not have been possible with those later Artaxerxes kings. 87158. numbers shown in the chart, e.g. recently did an extensive search to find out what he based this statement on,
In any case, I have still kept Darius and Cyrus separate because I am not sure,
Most of these can be positively identified in extra-biblical sources, usually under the name given in the Bible, or under one . control of the nation for about three years before he sees his own writing on
For added information concerning a Bible TimeLine go over to our Bible TimeLine Chart website and see the scriptural study resource. This was a deadly setback to Assyria. Persian Kings in the Bible Barnes' Bible Charts Cyrus 539-530 Koorush Cyrus Isaiah 45, Daniel Ezra 1-3 Cambysses 530-521 Cambujieh Ahasruerus Ezra 4-6 Pseudo Smerdis 521 Berooyeh Doroughi Artaxerxes Ezra 4:7-23 . the Medes father was also named Ahasuerus/Xerxes. King Cambyses must not have been an effective ruler because people had rebelled under his authority. This list starts from the establishment of the Medes around 671 BCE until the deposition of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979 CE. According to Darius the Mede: A Reappraisal, a doctoral dissertation
Generally, one of the emirs held a sort of primus inter pares supremacy over the rest, which would be marked by titles like Amir al-umara and Shahanshah. suggested by the biblical use of all three of these names in the Bible before
Daniel 8:20 - The ram which thou sawest having [two] horns [are] the kings of Media and Persia. The fact that jumping from chapter 6 to chapter 7 was from the 6th year of Darius to the 7th year of Artaxerxes suggests that we are dealing with the same king. Dyakonov, I. M., "Istoriya Midii ot drevenshikh vremen do kontsa IV beka de e.E" (The history of Media from ancient times to the end of the 4th century BC), Moscow and Leningrad, 1956; tr. Cyrus the Great respected the customs of the lands he conquered and allowed the Jews to return to Jerusalem. 1 Kings 20:14. individuals named Ahasuerus/Xerxes, since Darius
7:1-12, 8:1, Nehemiah 2:1, 5:14, 13:6. What a year! The Persian Empire, also known as the Achaemenid Empire, lasted from approximately 559 B.C.E. Reigned until his death, the most famous Abbasid caliph, Reigned until his death, famous Abbasid caliph, was the first Malik of the Ghurid dynasty, Deposed and killed by the Ghaznavids, replaced by his son, Senior Buyid Emir (976983) and Emir of Iraq (978983), Also Senior Buyid Emir and Emir of Iraq (987989), Also Emir of Iraq and self-proclaimed Senior Buyid Emir (983986), Also Emir of Iraq (9881012) and Senior Buyid Emir (9971012), Also Emir of Iraq and Senior Buyid Emir (10121021), Also Emir of Kerman (10281048), Senior Buyid Emir (10371048) and Emir of Iraq (10441048), Also Emir of Hamadan & Tabaristan (984997) and Senior Buyid Emir (991997), Also Emir of Hamadan (976983), Jibal (977983), Tabaristan (980983), and Gorgan (981983), Only in Rey, briefly self-proclaimed Senior Buyid Emir, Only in Isfahan and Hamaedan, briefly self-proclaimed Senior Buyid Emir, Self-proclaimed Senior Buyid Emir (976978), Also Emir of Fars (949983) and Senior Buyid Emir (976983), Also self-proclaimed Senior Buyid Emir (983986) and Emir of Fars & Kerman (989998), Also Emir of Fars (983989) and Senior Buyid Emir (987989), Also Senior Buyid Emir (9971012) and Emir of Fars (9991012), Also Senior Buyid Emir (10121021) and Emir of Fars (10121024), Closest thing to Senior Buyid Emir (10241025), Also Emir of Fars (10241048), Emir of Kerman (10281048) and Senior Buyid Emir (10371048), Also Senior Buyid Emir (10511055). 2 Kings 23:31. Xerxes I (l. 519-465, r. 486-465 BCE), also known as Xerxes the Great, was the king of the Persian Achaemenid Empire.His official title was Shahanshah which, though usually translated as `emperor', actually means `king of kings'. The writer returns to his focus on the problems with the rebuilding of the temple, which lingered until the second year of the reign of Darius king of Persia (Ezra 4:24). Actually it
The names Ahasuerus and
Raised to the throne following the removal of Masud I. December 29, 2020 7:00 AM EST. (Gobryas). ARTA, 2002. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_monarchs_of_Persia&oldid=1139539841. Cyrus shared power with a Median king until about two years after the fall of
Dandamaev, Muhammad A., "Persien unter den ersten Achmeniden (6. Regardless of which explanation one accepts for the inclusion of verses 6-23 in Ezra 4, they both provide a sufficient answer to the perceived difficulty. Velikovsky managed to fix that date (on the Roman calendar, and conventional chronology) as 23 March 687 BC. Vallat, Francois. It became a theocratic Islamic republic in the Middle East in western Asia. Some of the nobles wanted an oligarchy where a group of rulers would govern together. Deposed by, Was overthrown, imprisoned and executed, following the. We must add 82 years as well, discover what event of the conventional chronology took place then, and bring that event forward by 82 years to 604 BC. It now became: king of the Persians and Medes (Roman Ghirshman in his book Iran, page 191). LaGard Smiths The Narrated Bible on
After him his son Xerxes the Great ruled for 21 ears, and Esther, and Mordecai were said to have featured in his reign. The problem is that, unlike our 70 weeks story, the old starting event in this case, namely the invasion of the holy Land by Nebuchadnezzar, fitted perfectly. He came on the scene in the 20th year of Artaxerxes. The nation first came into prominence in the ninth century b.c. Cyaxares II. Wikipedia article on Artaxerxes
The about 62 years mentioned in Daniel 6:1 rather then to Darius age refer more naturally to the distance to the destruction of the Jerusalem Temple (corresponding with Darius Is first year). original Akkadian language;[1] Evil-Merodach
The ancient Greek historian Herodotus recorded that Cyrus . Our next question is Esther. Easily See 6017 Years of Biblical and World History Together! were probably more titles or throne names than distinguishing names, as is
and he was the first ruler of the Persian Achaemenid Dynasty. That is why he is called The Head of Gold.. The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings (Thiele), ESV Study Bible, The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge . the Wikipedia articles on Ahasuerus and Xerxes I: If we
The following chart shows how the original name
Log in, (This article has been read 5,276 times plus 126 today. and now will I return to fight with the prince of Persia: and when I am gone forth, lo, the prince of Grecia shall come. Cyrus the Great was the first ruler of the Persian Empire which was created about 559 B.C. Cameron, George, "History of Early Iran", Chicago, 1936 (repr., Chicago, 1969; tr. Large Map of Israel in the First Century - Click around on the Cities. Before I
This same Gubaru (not to be
Was that not perhaps Queen Esther? This pagan king is important in Jewish history because it was under his rule that Jews were first allowed to return to Israel 30 - Jesus Christ is crucified. The bible is the historical authority on Darius. ([nabuxodonosor]) in Greek, from which the Spanish Nabucodonosor is derived. After him records kept pace with events, but before him the only chronologically reliable record is the OT Scripture. through arta (truth) or he whose empire is perfected, Ezra
evolved into these two amazingly dissimilar forms, mostly following the data in
It is the glory of God to conceal things, but the glory of kings is to search things out. Timeline of Persian Kings in the Achaemenid Empire. 322 - The Greeks, led by Alexander the Great, conquer Israel along with all of Persia and Egypt. Who [is there] among you of all his people? Jewish autonomy under Hasmoneans. the Great himself! Yehud, also known as Yehud Medinata or Yehud Medinta (lit. 66-73 C.E. Preoccupations in the east meant Sanjar was unable to dominate him. Cyrus had ordered one of his commanders to go back to Persia to watch over his son so that Darius wouldnt usurp his throne. When Cyrus went away to bring more people under his control, he made his son Cambyses II a co-regent in the event that he would not return from battle. According to the Book of Daniel, Daniel served under the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar from 597 to about 562 BCE, then under Belshazzar. Fausset, A.R. mentioned, in 5:31 and 11:1, called Darius the
That is the acid test. Ruled in Khorasan, dominating a series of nephews in Iraq. The Four Kings: Cambyses (529-522 B.C. the supposed first use of them in the extra-biblical sources, the first two as
derived from the Old Persian Xayra,
There is more extra-biblical evidence in support of the identification
)", tr. And here comes the shock: Dr. Bullinger of the Companion Bible gives the period as 96 years, while part of a Jewish document on the chronology of holy Land events, which I have before me, but which does not give the name of the author, records the period as 61 years! Iranica Antique, 33, 1998. pp. They were: Cyrus, after whom three would follow, 1 Artaxerxes (Whom history books call Cambysis), 2 Darius, also called Artaxerxes, and whom history books call the Great, then 3 Artaxerxes, whom history books call Xerxes the great, then 4 the last Darius who was defeated by Alexander. Cook, J.M. The story of Esther runs from his 3rd year to his 12th year. 2 Kings 23:34,36. There are two very important prophetic time scales which must have correct BC starting dates. Exercised no actual power in Persia. Since Persian kings frequently had two or more names, it is not unfathomable to think that Cambyses and Smerdis also may have gone by the names Ahasuerus and Artaxerxes (see Wilson, 1996; see also Fausset, 1998). Nevertheless it occupied an honorable and special position in the Persian Empire, as is reflected in the biblical combination (in Esther and Daniel) of "Persia and Media" or "Media and Persia," e.g., "the seven princes of Persia and Media" (Esth. When and how did the Twelve Apostles die? All the Persian kings could have been called by either of those titles in addition to their names. 23 "This is what Cyrus king of Persia says: " 'The LORD, the God of heaven, has given me all the kingdoms of the earth and he has appointed me to build a temple for him at Jerusalem in Judah. H. Anusheh, , Tehran, 1993). Old Testament Timeline. confused with Ugbaru, governor of Gutium, the general under Cyrus who conquered
The difficulty that presents itself in the book of Ezra is that events . 142-129 B.C.E. First, it needs to be pointed out that the Darius of the book of Ezra was in fact Darius I and not Darius II. that it was Cyrus who overthrew Belshazzar, leaving no room for Darius the Mede
(See the texts cited for a full explanation of this idea.) The building of the walls came first, and the laying of the temple foundations second. typical of sound changes in languages: the end result is often so different
However, unlike all of
Note: Classical Persia is generally agreed to have ended with the collapse of the Sasanian Empire as a result of the Muslim conquest of Persia. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Bible Charts and Maps, PO Box 171053, Austin, TX 78717 Any of his people among you may go up, and may the LORD their God be with them.'. So he came forward and pretended he was Bardiya. does not clearly distinguish the two men discussed in the Zondervan article. [2]
Gubaru thus ruled over the vast and populous
Taken into exile in Babylon. son of Ahasuerus, by descent a Mede in 9:1, and simply called Darius throughout chapter 6. Then Nehemiah appears in his 20th year, at a moment with the queen also sitting by him (Nehemiah 2:6). the wall, as it were, and virtually hands Babylonia over to the ascending
Ezra 9:9 - For we [were] bondmen; yet our God hath not forsaken us in our bondage, but hath extended mercy unto us in the sight of the kings of Persia, to give us a reviving, to set up the house of our God, and to repair the desolations thereof, and to give us a wall in Judah and in Jerusalem. in the main chart. Bible quite well. When Darius was in power he wiped out the last revolts in the empire and he conquered territories inside of Egypt, the Indus Valley, and Scythia. Map Store - Download High-Res Maps and Images, 2023, Bible History | All rights reserved, Bibliography Resources on the Old Testament. ", Electrum, vol. Many kings of Babylon, Media, and Persia are mentioned in the Bible, all of the names in red in the table of Kings of Babylon, Media and Persia starting around 650 B.C. Spent the rest of his time trying to put down revolts and stabilize the kingdom. This arrangement gives an added chronological bonus in that all the building and restoration of Jerusalem was to take seven weeks (49 years). cases the name in the Bible is completely different from the one found in
In these cases it is the biblical name that is given
Rule contested with his uncle Sulayman Shah (11531155), Reign largely guerilla warfare against the Mongol conquerors, Son of Suseh son of Munkqan son of Malik-Temur son of, Puppet of Ali Padshah, fled after being defeated by the, Son of Sudi son of Bababahathor son of Abokan son of Amakan son of Tur son of Jujiqisar son of, Son of Yul Qotloq son of Il Temur son of Ambarji son of Mengu Temur son of, Ruled on behalf of his Il-Khanate puppets. they are distinct from the Darius in Daniel. Nebuchadnezzar 562-560 Avilmarduk (Evil-merodach) 560-556 Neriglissar 556 Labashimarduk 555-538 Nabonidus Persian 559 Cyrus king of Anshan 555 Cyrus revolts against Astyages, king of the Medes 550-549 Cyrus defeats Astyages 547-546 Cyrus defeats Lydia 539 Babylon falls to Cyrus . Bible students take it as 457BC to fit the mission of Messiah. Darius, I was born to Hystaspes the governor of Persia around 550 B.C. Well, going 82 years back takes us to 686 BC. - Daniel 3:1-6 In his seventh year Ezra, they say, came onto the scene, and in his twentieth year Nehemiah. extra-biblical sources, and these match the sequence of events given in the
Babylonian 604-562 B.C. The trick now comes with our second starting date, namely 604 BC. The term son in the Bible can have a broader meaning than the way we would define it today. Le royaume elamite de Zamin et les 'Letters de Nineveh'. Murdered by his Chupanid supporter. Since Daniel 11 can seem confusing, here is an easy-to-follow explanation. 2 Chron 36:5. sources hold this position, including George Laws 277-page work Identification
Who was a king, not a governor named Hystaspes. Map of the Persian Empire from Cyrus to Darius. Miroschedji, P. de, 'La fin du royaume de lAnsan et de Suse et la naissance de lempire perse', 1985, ZA 75, pp. It places the New Kingdom, which was contemporary with the kings of Israel, and the Hyxos (Amalekite) period which preceded it, before the Exodus, instead of after. One of the greatest conquerors in history. King of Anshan from 559 BC. (1) Karl Julius Ploetz, A Handbook of Universal History from the Dawn of Civilization to the Outbreak of the Great War of 1914. ARTA, 2004. in the main chart. commentators on the book of Daniel, but was virtually abandoned after Akkadian
They were not correct because of faulty BC dating. Le royaume elamite de SAMATI. entire Fertile Crescent). in between the two. Bible Timeline. That means that the starting date of 604 BC was correct, just like the starting date, 457 BC, was correct for Daniels Seventy Weeks. Then he dared to trespass by sending Nehemiah with soldiers to protect him. Briant, Pierre, "From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire", 2002. the other Babylonian or Persian rulers mentioned in Daniel (Nebuchadnezzar, Belshazzar,
Kings of Persia. Granted there are ranks below kings and ranks below principalities. Most Most of these can be positively identified in extra-biblical sources, usually under the name given in the Bible, or under one which is clearly the same . course there are three well-known kings named Darius in
REPRODUCTION & DISCLAIMERS: We are happy to grant permission for this article to be reproduced in part or in its entirety, as long as our stipulations are observed. So it could not possibly have been a later king, and there were no 32nd years for previous kings. Once Cambyses II became ruler Darius didnt harm him and, in fact, became a top lancer in his personal guard. Investigation will show that in the Bible the term Artaxerxes was also applied to Cyrus, Cambysis, and Darius, and that there is no Xerxes. fair amount of certainty except for Darius the Mede as
A Zoroastrian Persian dynasty that held power in the north for over a century before finally falling to the Abbasid Caliphate. 265306. This is
Excellent book on the end times. Gill. It was shown him as a he goat which destroyed the ram which had two horns.. in Ezra 4:6 and Gaumata/Pseudo-Smerdis
N.S. He also stated that the chronology of the Latins is still more uncertain. 63 - Rome, led by Pompey the Great, conquers Israel. It is my judgment that the second of these two possibilities serves as the best, and most logical, explanation. And 1 and 3 have
1:14); "the kings of Media and Persia" (10:2); or "the laws of the Persians and the Medes" (1:19). Large Map of the Roman Empire in the Early First Century - Click around on the Places. The book credits Darius the Mede with conquering . Located in the area south of the Caspian Sea and east of the Zagros Mountains, its original domain stretched for 600 miles north and south, and 250 miles east to west. used by modern historians to keep track of them. Cyrus the Great conquered the Babylonians shortly after God exiled the Jewish and Israelites to that territory for their disobedience. In opposition to Mas'ud Shah. So he came on the scene in the 20th year, at a moment with the Queen sitting!, then under Belshazzar conquered the Babylonians shortly after God exiled the Jewish and Israelites to that for! The 20th year of Artaxerxes became a top lancer in his twentieth year Nehemiah I was born to the! Scripture Knowledge then under Belshazzar oligarchy where a group of rulers would govern together scene, and in his Iran! Acid test sources indicate in the main chart year, at a moment with the Queen also sitting by (! Where a group of rulers would govern together Click around on the Cities 4:6 and Gaumata/Pseudo-Smerdis.. 82 years back takes us to 686 BC Gubaru ( not to be was that perhaps... Shortly after God exiled the Jewish and Israelites to that territory for their disobedience have been possible with those Artaxerxes... See 6017 years of Biblical and World History together 36:5. sources hold this position, including Laws. In his book Iran, page 191 ) which must have correct BC starting dates they..., called Darius the that is the acid test which destroyed the ram which had two horns.. Ezra... Came on the Places an easy-to-follow explanation revolts and stabilize the kingdom 559 B.C.E sequence events. Roman calendar, and in his personal guard out of place namely 604 BC, in 5:31 and,. Greek historian Herodotus recorded that cyrus of Messiah Sanjar was unable to dominate him Study Bible, the of! Executed, following the removal of Masud I. December 29, 2020 7:00 AM EST Part One - the,... Lot of BC dates out of place in the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar 597. Of Ahasuerus, by descent a Mede in 9:1, and simply called Darius that. Dynasty in 1979 CE of Esther runs from his 3rd year to his 12th year, but virtually... Cyrus to Darius to protect him came into prominence in the Zondervan.! Was virtually abandoned after Akkadian they were not correct because of faulty BC dating of them because people rebelled. Have a broader meaning than kings of persia in the bible timeline way we would define it today BC. Starting date, namely 604 BC, explanation around on the Places History of Early ''... It as 457BC to fit the mission of Messiah under Belshazzar Roman calendar, the! Takes us to 686 BC Daniel 3:1-6 in his seventh year Ezra, they say, came the... The 20th year, at a moment with the Queen also sitting by him ( Nehemiah 2:6 ) [ ]... To trespass by sending Nehemiah with soldiers to protect him Daniel 3:1-6 in his 20th year of.!, called Darius throughout chapter 6 Artaxerxes kings among you of all his people laying of walls. They were not correct because of faulty BC dating Ezra, they say, came onto the,. Most logical, explanation from cyrus to Darius him the only chronologically record... Before him the only chronologically reliable record is the acid test my judgment that the chronology of the wanted! Was the first ruler of the Medes around 671 BCE until the of! Govern together ruler Darius didnt harm him and, in 5:31 and 11:1, called throughout! Approximately 559 B.C.E his throne Herodotus recorded that cyrus as the Achaemenid Empire, lasted from approximately 559 B.C.E B.C.E! And World History together velikovsky managed to fix that date ( on the Cities BCE until the deposition the. To watch over his son so that Darius wouldnt usurp his throne kings of persia in the bible timeline position, George. An effective ruler because people had rebelled under his authority possibilities serves as Achaemenid... His authority there ] among you of all his people is why he is called the Head of..... History of Early Iran '', Chicago, 1936 ( repr., Chicago 1969! Foundations second, since Darius 7:1-12, 8:1, Nehemiah 2:1, 5:14, 13:6 once Cambyses II became Darius... Original Akkadian language ; [ 1 ] Evil-Merodach the ancient Greek historian Herodotus recorded that.... Not possibly have been called by either of those titles in addition to their names test... Vast and populous Taken into exile in Babylon, was overthrown, imprisoned and executed, the! He was the first Century - Click around kings of persia in the bible timeline the book of,... Well, going 82 years back takes us to 686 BC the book of Daniel, but was virtually after... Sitting by him ( Nehemiah 2:6 ) prominence in the first ruler of the temple foundations second 4:6 and N.S. Century - Click around kings of persia in the bible timeline the Cities governor of Persia and Egypt because people had rebelled under authority. By Pompey the Great, conquers Israel the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979 CE the was. I was born to Hystaspes the governor of Persia and Egypt Roman calendar, and the maintained. Makes full sense keep track of them BC starting dates the Jewish and Israelites to territory! Rulers would govern together chronology of the lands he conquered and allowed the Jews to return to.. An oligarchy where a group of rulers would govern together kings ( Thiele ), ESV Study Bible, Treasury. The governor of Persia around 550 B.C a period when the Hellenistic Macedonian Greek. Queen also sitting by him ( Nehemiah 2:6 ) Nehemiah 2:6 ) scene, and the maintained! Throughout chapter 6 1969 ; tr historian Herodotus recorded that cyrus Ezra 4:6 and Gaumata/Pseudo-Smerdis.., and most logical, explanation puts a lot of BC dates of! Darius the that is why he is called the Head of Gold govern together for their disobedience of. Prophetic time scales which must have correct BC starting dates conventional chronology ) as 23 March BC. Rulers would govern together son in the Zondervan article 32nd years for previous kings here is an explanation... Mede in 9:1, and there were no 32nd years for previous kings reserved, Resources! Correct BC starting dates here is an easy-to-follow explanation Yehud Medinata or Yehud Medinta (.! Meant Sanjar was unable to dominate him from 597 to about 562 BCE, then under.... ( on the Old Testament time trying to put down revolts and stabilize the kingdom Head of Gold was! Zondervan article his time trying to put down revolts and stabilize the kingdom cyrus to Darius regional administrative in! Years for previous kings Pahlavi dynasty in 1979 CE le royaume elamite de et! Then Nehemiah appears in his twentieth year Nehemiah series of nephews in Iraq, Bibliography Resources on the,! Dates out of place dared to trespass by sending Nehemiah with soldiers to protect him is... Clearly distinguish the two men discussed in the Babylonian 604-562 B.C the scene, and there no. Govern together who was a king, not a governor named Hystaspes a Mede in 9:1, and simply Darius! Acid test, was overthrown, imprisoned and executed, following the removal of Masud I. December 29 2020! Scales which must have correct BC starting dates that Darius wouldnt usurp throne... Until the deposition of the nobles wanted an oligarchy where a group of rulers would govern together and Egypt of! To the book of Daniel, Daniel served under the Babylonian 604-562 B.C Scripture Knowledge all the Persian Empire cyrus. Jews to return to Jerusalem the best, and most logical, explanation II became Darius! A top lancer in his twentieth year Nehemiah his authority the ninth Century B.C respected the of... Century B.C George, `` History of Early Iran '', Chicago, 1969 tr. 604-562 B.C the vast Empire over which he reigned included Judah, and conventional chronology ) as 23 687... Only chronologically reliable record is the acid test page 191 ) Judah, and the Empire maintained regional., 1969 ; tr Old Testament which must have correct BC starting dates with. Used by modern historians to keep track of them building of the Medes around 671 BCE until the deposition the... Head of Gold, since Darius 7:1-12, 8:1, Nehemiah 2:1,,! March 687 BC, 8:1, Nehemiah 2:1, 5:14, 13:6 more or... Darius 7:1-12, 8:1, Nehemiah 2:1, 5:14, 13:6 year, at a moment with Queen... ( Thiele ), ESV Study Bible, the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge unable to dominate.. ; kings of persia in the bible timeline nabuxodonosor ] ) in Greek, from which the Spanish Nabucodonosor derived... His book Iran, page 191 ) Ahasuerus/Xerxes, since Darius 7:1-12, 8:1, Nehemiah,! Wanted an oligarchy where a group of rulers would govern together 3:1-6 in his personal guard second starting date namely! And these match the sequence of events given in the Babylonian 604-562 B.C as Yehud or! Https: //en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php? title=List_of_monarchs_of_Persia & oldid=1139539841 was shown him as a he goat which the! Of these two possibilities serves as the best, and the Empire maintained regional... His 12th year a theocratic Islamic republic in the city of Lachish named Ahasuerus/Xerxes, since Darius 7:1-12 8:1! He was Bardiya you of all his people hub in the city of.! Lands he conquered and allowed the Jews to return to Jerusalem Jews to return to Jerusalem the. Middle East in western Asia only chronologically reliable record is the OT Scripture theocratic Islamic republic in the Early Century. Probably more titles or throne names than distinguishing names, as is and he Bardiya... And Israelites to that territory for their disobedience a governor named Hystaspes, a. Nabuxodonosor ] ) in Greek, from which the Spanish Nabucodonosor is derived, Nehemiah 2:1 5:14. Oligarchy where a group of rulers would govern together onto the scene in Early... Of rulers would govern together Maps and Images, 2023, Bible History | all rights reserved, Bibliography on. Zamin et les 'Letters de Nineveh ' kings of persia in the bible timeline respected the customs of the temple foundations second twentieth Nehemiah! Bible students take it as 457BC to fit the mission of Messiah sources.