Almond Allergy: An Overview on Prevalence, Thresholds, Regulations and Allergen Detection, Nutrients, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. This won't be as strong as commercial extract, but I like the . Though theyre known as nuts, almonds are actually the seed of a fruit. Even when you want to have a balanced and nutritious diet, nuts are always the healthiest and wisest choice. For humans, this means that we too can get sick. There is no scientific data on how many almonds you can eat in a day to avoid the side effects. Excess acid can lead to digestive issues including constipation, acid reflux, and nausea. Bloat is caused by gas buildup in the intestines. However, if you consume excess almonds, you could experience constipation and bloating. Another assertive flavor will tame the almond. Also, bitter almonds are poisinous in a Even 100 grams of almonds contain 2.3 mg of manganese, which is the exceeding limit of your daily requirement of the mineral. Almond Extract Serving Size 0.25tsp. Almond intolerance isn't life-threatening, but it is uncomfortable. Stopping or reducing dietary fiber intake reduces constipation and its associated symptoms, World Journal of Gastroenterology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Almond milk contains a substance called oxalate, which can exacerbate the formulation of calcium crystals in the kidneys, according to the Mayo Clinic. Place the almonds in the jar, cover with the alcohol. Drinking almond milk can also make your stomach hurt if you have an almond allergy. It takes a lot of almonds to rise above the tolerable upper limit of 1,000 milligrams per day. There is no cure for an almond allergy, so you will need to create an elimination diet with your doctor to prevent symptoms from recurring. 1 pint sized mason jar. 44. When you consume nutrients and minerals in large quantities, they may cause you to bloat, be dysentery, have digestive issues, feeling of nausea, and have bowel problems. Check out our. Try it with almond, hemp, or coconut milk. Almonds can vary in size, making it difficult to get an accurate numberif you are trying to watch your intake. The first is that pure almond extract is concentrated and can contain a high level of sugar. Eating too many of these nuts can make you gain weight if you cannot keep your energy up to burn off what you have been eating. Consuming them in large quantities along with poor lifestyle habits, it can make you an easy target of weight gain. Another way is to use vinegar or lemon juice instead of using almond extract in recipes. However, if you eat too many almonds, you may be at risk for cyanide toxicity. Phytates, that are present in certain seeds and nuts can decrease the absorption of many minerals as it interferes with the normal nutrient absorption. If youve had a bottle in your cupboard for a little while, you may be wondering does almond extract go bad? No, it's highly unlikely you'll get sick from expired vanilla extract. White Egg Vs. Brown Egg: All That You Need White Egg Vs. Brown Egg: All That You Need To Know. However, overconsumption of almonds accompanied by inactive lifestyle could lead to fat deposition in the body, resulting in weight gain. To create your own homemade almond extract, you only need two ingredients-unsalted almonds and vodka. Consume almonds as a single snack or in between meals to get full benefits of the nuts. So, if you consume 3 oz of almonds per day, without working out, you might gain 1 lbs of weight in a weeks time. While this might not cause any immediate side effects, its important that you dont consume this amount every day. Keeping a food diary can help you and your doctor pinpoint the cause of recurring stomach discomfort, according to the NHS. Vitamin E: 110% of the DV. However, some people are concerned about the potential presence of alcohol in almond extract. Sunflower Oil Vs. Olive Oil - Which Is Better? Add vodka to the jar, and use a funnel, if necessary. For example, if youve added too much almond extract, adding some vanilla extract will help to balance it out. A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? Weighing your almonds instead of counting them can help you make sure you are getting an accurate serving size when you eat them. Mayo. Renal Failure due to Excessive Intake of Almonds in the Absence of Oxalobacter formigenes, The American Journal of Medicine. However, you would have to consume large amounts of it for it to cause adverse health effects. However, you may want to throw it out if it loses the strength of its almond flavor. You may want to avoid almonds completely if using almond oil on your skin also triggers a reaction. FAQ Keeping your extract in your pantry or cupboard is ideal, as long as it remains dark and cool. Can you get sick from expired vanilla extract? Here's what you'll need to make the homemade almond extract. Cookbook author Jake Cohen, whose book Jew-ish came out in March 2021, uses the extract any time hes making an almond-forward dessert to bring out the flavor. Also read:Check Out These 4 Healthy Ways Of Eating Almonds. However, there are many other methods of incorporating these nuts in your everyday meals. Here're The Causes, Tips To Delay Their Progression, This website follows the DNPAs code of conduct. It is important to consider the source of any inflammation before taking ACTION to reduce it. Roasted almond, almond butter, almond oil, or milk give a buttery and creamy taste and dish more palatable. Then, place the slivered almonds into a glass jar, preferably dark colored such as an amber one. If you eat a lot of almonds and your system isn't accustomed to processing that much fiber, you might develop cramping, bloating and gas for a few days. When the intake is restricted to this quantity, the benefits are evident. At the end of three months she refreshes the vodka with new kernels that shes kept in the freezer if the flavor isnt strong enough.When the flavor is to her liking, shell strain the extract through a cheesecloth or coffee filter and store in a cool, dry place. Unfortunately, almond flour has numerous detrimental health consequences. That said, some people love it and those people are in good luck, because usually just just 1/4 teaspoon is all thats needed for a good amount of almond-y flavor, which means its unlikely that anyone would run out of almond extract quickly. If you open the container of almonds and sense a sour, chemical-like smell, your almonds have gone bad. You can soak almonds overnight. Any deficiency or overdose of nutrients cannot be good for your health. Store the future extract in an airtight bottle in a cupboard or somewhere out of the way. This specifically happens with people who are not in a habit of exercising daily. Last Updated 18 January, 2023. Almonds are rich in oxalate, which could cause kidney stones. However, these effects are more prominent in individuals taking excess of vitamin E supplements. She is a 2021 IACP award winner for her work on Milk Street's website and Instagram. He has been in the digital media field for over eight years. Here are the side effects of having too many almonds. If the expired lemon juice contains any bacteria, viruses or toxins from going sour, you will become sick from food poisoning. But remember, moderation is key. In moist conditions, almond extract will last up to a year. . 3. Almond extract is also believed to contain powerful natural healing properties, so much so that there are doctors that will prescribe the extract for use by their patients. It will spoil eventually, mainly by the "almond part" separating from the rest of the liquid and smelling bad. Current time: 01/18/2023 08:35:45 p.m. UTC Although, overdosing on vitamin E by just eating almonds is almost impossible, but it is important to be aware about all the side effects. It contains all the essential nutrients that are important for your body. Origin: Almonds are stone fruits and part of the biological genus known as Prunus, which also includes fruits like plums, apricots, and cherries. Though this is not a problem by itself, if you consume almonds in excess (more than 20), on top of your regular diet, you can pile on pounds. He graduated from SRM University, Chennai, and has a Professional Certificate in F more. Over time, the aroma of almonds will begin to fade, replaced by a strong alcohol odor instead. Some people might try to avoid almond products altogether. A: Yes, you can eat raw almonds. Ingestion of vanilla extract is treated similarly to alcohol intoxication and can cause alcohol poisoning. And, if not adequately resealed after each use, there is the chance that it can slowly evaporate. Raw almonds should be avoided as they could have bacterial growth which causes infections. The skins should look shriveled. 6. However, even if almonds are healthy, they should not be consumed in abundance and you should set an intake limit for yourself. Adding an Indian almond leaf or two to a quarantine tank with a sick fish can help speed up the healing process. Chan School of Public Health. Almonds, like peaches, are stone fruits. The date is the manufacturers best guess estimate as to how long the extract will remain at its peak of quality. Eating over 70 grams of fiber in a day, regardless of the source, can result in cramping, diarrhea and other symptoms of gastrointestinal distress, according to Duke University. It's typically used in baking, much like vanilla extract, and a little goes a long way because the flavor is so strong. Ideally you should use your almond extract within a year. Chaouali, Nadia, Ines Gana, Amira Dorra, Fathia Khelifi, Anouer Nouioui, Wafa Masri, Ines Belwaer, Hayet Ghorbel, and Abderazzek Hedhili. Since almonds are rich in vitamin E, they may have anti-inflammatory effects that may help heal joint pain (1), (13). Many people believe because alcohol is used, expired extract could give you an upset stomach. As you should with all extracts, store almond extract in a cool, dry place and make sure it is well-sealed. Other gastrointestinal symptoms caused by excess intake of almonds include bloating, gas, stomach cramps, and diarrhea. You will be at a greater risk of developing kidney stones when you eat too many almonds. Anything beyond that can cause issues. The World Health Organization (WHO) does not recognize any harmful effects caused by bitter almond extract, but recommends that pregnant women and children avoid consuming it due to possible allergies. Manufacturers of pure almond extract use bitter almond oil and alcohol to create it. They have plenty of nutrients like calcium, phosphorus, vitamin E, fiber and antioxidants that can help your overall health. This process also reduces the amount of cyanide by up to 97%. Therefore, it is advised to consume these nuts in moderation as told by your dietician. If you have diabetes or are diabetic medication sensitive, you should consult with your doctor before using almond extract. To create your own homemade almond extract, you only need two ingredients-unsalted almonds and vodka. Add more vodka if necessary so that all almonds are covered. Now you know that eating too many almonds can cause several side effects then how many should you eat to control your intake? If you experience any of these symptoms after consuming almond extract, please seek medical attention. Cap tightly. A protein Amadin present in almonds, has been proved as an allergen that can result in an allergic reaction. There are ways to reduce the amount of cyanide in almonds. Add more sugar or other sweeteners to the recipe. You can tell that your almond extract has gone bad if it smells like alcohol when you open the container. This can be a dietary benefit because you need 25-38 g of fiber in your diet each day to keep your digestive system working properly. Yes, almond milk may cause stomach and intestinal gas. It is strictly not recommended for pregnant and breastfeeding women.5 6. If your daily intake of vitamin E lies between 25 and 536 mg, your blood clotting mechanism might get impaired in the long run. Thats because marzipan, which is a paste made from sugar, almond meal, and honey, is usually also flavored with almond extract or almond oil. Answer: Extracts are usually made using alcohol and have a high alcohol content for their size; alcohol WILL make you intoxicated if you swallow enough of it. Almonds make a healthy addition to your diet, but too many almonds may affect your weight or nutrient balance. Vitamin E, Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health. Strain using cheesecloth or a fine mesh filter 4. It has been found that you can lower your cholesterol by eating a handful of almonds each day. Care should be taken to consume only dry and roasted almonds or their byproducts. After walnuts and cashews, almonds also lead to most tree nut allergies in a lot of people. Some of them include nervous breakdown, choking, and death. Properly processed almonds are not directly toxic to your dog but the canine system does not properly digest the proteins in nuts. Preheat oven to 350 degrees, and toast the almonds for 10 minutes. Shake the bottle daily. Your body breaks it down efficiently when you workout. Do not give cow's milk, almond milk . However, eating too many almonds can actually cause constipation and abdominal bloating if your body is not used to processing large amounts of fiber. Any more may overwhelm those who don't seriously LOVE almond flavoring! StyleCraze provides content of general nature that is designed for informational purposes only. In fact, storing it in the fridge or freezer will actually negatively impact the quality of your extract. Your digestive tract will not be accustomed to excess fiber and would needto add extra efforts to eliminate it from the body. These almonds are still labeled as raw. Then, I heat up coconut, almond, or pea milk (my favorite is pea milk) in the microwave for 1-2 minutes. All rights reserved. This helps treat constipation. pint-sized jar with a tight-fitting lid. In any case,eat almonds in a moderate quantity to derive its benefits without exposing yourself to its side-effects. There have been no reported cases of toxicity from bitter almond extract, but some people still choose to avoid it because they are unsure of the safety risks. Click here for additional information. No, it's highly unlikely that you will get sick from expired almond extract. You would need to eat hundreds of ounces of almonds for it to actually be toxic. You will then need to pour eight ounces of vodka into the jar and cap it with a tight-fitting lid. Reda Elmardi is a registered dietician, certified nutritionist, and certified strength and conditioning specialist trainer. Directions: Chop the almonds coarsely with a sharp knife. One option is to use a substitution for almond extract. Almonds provide crunch and flavor and are great for a snack on the go. It is important to understand these aspects of almond flour, so you can make the decision to avoid almond flour or choose to use almond flour with . Almond extract can also be used as an emulsifier, which means it helps keep ingredients like oil and water from separating during baking. ), it is essential we are aware of the repercussions. Many people are allergic to nuts and eating almonds can trigger an allergic reaction in them, leading to side effects like breathlessness, swelling of mouth, and rashes. Hence, practice caution and consume almonds in moderation. Under normal circumstances, this is a good thing you need 1.8 to 2.3 milligrams per day to help your body function properly. Overconsumption may also cause kidney stones, and bitter almonds may increase toxin levels in the body. The average requirement of manganese in normal human body is 1.3 to 2.3 mg per day. As I mentioned earlier, almond extract doesnt go bad in the traditional sense. However, this side effect is seen more in people who are already on excess of vitamin E supplements. Calcium stones, the most common kidney stone, can occur due to excessive amount of stone-forming chemical compounds including calcium, oxalate or phosphate. Manifestations of Food Allergy: Evaluation and Management, American Family Physician. If you have a tree nut allergy, almonds could trigger severe side effects like swelling of mouth, breathlessness, and rashes. Homemade almond extract is ready for use after 2 or 3 months. Food intolerances can trigger some of the same digestive symptoms as food allergies, but the two conditions have different causes. Read more: Nutritional Value of Raw Almonds. If you do get sick, a strong digestive fire reduces the severity of illness and . It is pretty unlikely that expired almond extract will make you sick. It is good to have only 4-5 almonds a day. 1 cup of alcohol-again, you know the drillcheap stuff. One of the risks of baking is that, if youre not careful, you can add too much of a flavoring agent like almond extract. Many people enjoy them as a nutritious snack. While they can lower your cholesterol, almonds are high in fat and calories with as many as 14g of fat and 163 calories per ounce. Fiber: 0.5 grams. You should have almonds as an individual snack or in between meals to enjoy all the benefits of almonds. Recently, there has been concern over the presence of cyanide in almond extract, as this compound has been linked to death in humans. Making city governments better. In most cases, under these conditions, the bottle of extract will maintain its quality for between three or four years. The conditions in which the extract is stored will determine how long it will maintain its quality and flavor. The Ultimate Guide, How to Reheat Wings in Air Fryer The Best Way. Steps. Symptoms of eating too much almond extract can include abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and vomiting. 1 Preheat the oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit (325 degrees Fahrenheit for dark or nonstick pans). It is also worth noting that the effects of almond extract vary from person to person, so it is important to consult with a doctor before taking any sort of dietary supplement. That is a question that has been asked by many, as the lethal dose of almond extract remains largely unknown. However, it can go bad and even evaporate in under 6 months if you don't cover your almond extract. In the BMC study, researchers found that consuming just 1.5 ounces of almonds, or 36 nuts, per day could significantly lower a person's cardiovascular risk in the long run. Having nuts and seeds everyday is a good habit and can lead to living a healthy lifestyle. The amount of fiber per ounce of almonds is 3.5 g, which is necessary for smooth bowel movements and for the prevention of diarrhea. There are two kinds of almonds: sweet and bitter. Reports suggest that oxalates from almonds have a high bioavailability (9). One ounce of almonds contains 3.5 grams of fiber, an amount that contributes to the quantity you need each day 25 to 38 grams to prevent diarrhea and constipation. Make the cake batter according to the package directions, but add 1 tablespoon almond essence. Add the almonds to your jar. Even though the fat in almonds is primarily healthy fats, eating 3 ounces of almonds introduces 42 grams of fat into your diet. Vanilla extract is a commonly used flavor in food and drinks. . Though this is good, excess intake of fiber can lead to constipation and a host of other gastrointestinal issues if not combined with enough water intake ( 2 ). No matter how much you like almonds, you may have to stop eating these nuts if you develop stomach ache or abdominal cramping every time you eat them. Can dogs eat pudding? The almond kernel is high in cyanide, which can convert to hydrogen cyanide when exposed to oxygen. While a little bit can really enhance the flavor of your baked goods, too much can quickly overpower them. These symptoms may occur immediately after consumption or several hours later. Many people enjoy eating almonds in their natural state. Onlymyhealth editorial team spoke to Dr. Leena Saju, Division Head Dietetics, Artemis Hospitals, Gurgaon, about the side effects of overdosing almonds and the right quantity fir consumption. That said, you may face issues if you have added far too much of it. However, eating too many almonds can actually cause constipation and abdominal bloating if your body is not used to processing large amounts of fiber. After all, theres not much use using it to flavor your baking if it doesnt have any flavor! However, for some people, eating almonds can cause nausea and vomiting. Flavor: Strong, slightly fruity, and basically you know it when you taste it. Almonds may cause oral allergy syndrome in certain individuals. The most important component of that last ingredient is a chemical called benzaldehyde. Although you wont get the same flavor as you would when using almond extract, vanilla extract is a good stand-in. The energy value for 100 gms of almonds is 609 kcals. However, overconsumption could lead to serious consequences, including choking, nervous breakdown, and even death. Let's make our homemade almond extract: 10-15 whole, skinless, raw almonds. These pits pass because they contain the same ingredient that accounts for the strong flavor of bitter almond oil: a chemical called benzaldehyde. Almond flour is a little darling of grain free, Paleo/Primal, and low carb baking. If you have a nut allergy, almonds may cause inflammation, rashes, nausea, etc. Pack, W. K., H. W. Raudonat, and K. Schmidt. Almond extract is a concentrated liquid made from bitter almond oil, alcohol, and water. Consuming almond milk can lead to skin reactions like itching, eczema and hives. of signs you need emergency medical attention or call 911. An A-Z Guide to Cooking Terms and Definitions. Almond extract goes bad after 4 years when you store it well and make the container airtight. Some people can turn allergic to almonds, despite having eaten it since the beginning. Almond extract contains amygdalin, a compound that breaks down into cyanide in the body. Almonds are rich in vitamin E, but having a lot of them can easily cause a vitamin E overdose. A protein Amadin present in almonds, has been proved as an allergen that can result in an allergic reaction. of signs you need emergency medical attention or call 911. However, one must also note the side effects of almond consumption. Brew your green tea with water between 160 and 180 F. You may also want to avoid eating nuts for a few days before trying again. Almond extract can be a great addition to your diet, providing you with essential vitamins and minerals. People taking regular vitamin E supplements and taking high amounts of almonds can give birth to an overdose problem. If you are experiencing serious medical symptoms, please see the Pre-soaking Indian almond leaves in fresh water . And while consuming other sources of manganese like whole grains, leafy vegetables and teas, adding excess almonds in your diet can be harmful if you are on medications for any medical condition. Does Coconut Flour Go Bad? Take your 15 almonds and put them into a pot of boiling for for EXACTLY one minute. Also read: Beware, 3 Steps Can Help You Check Adulteration In Almonds, Follow Steps For Food Safety. This is especially true if you eat bitter almonds because they contain a poisonous compound called hydrocyanic acid. Consuming too many almonds can also lead to a decreased appetite.1. You can add some honey (bonus points for Manuka UMF-rated honey, an effective natural antibiotic) or maple syrup to sweeten the taste. I was looking around at recipes and most said 1 tsp.. In his Kosher for Passover Rainbow Cookies, even though he uses all almond flour, there still isnt a lot of that almondy flavor that people are looking forthe flavor not of actual almonds but of almond extract. The recommended daily fiber intake is about 30 grams for most people (4). But, assuming youre happy with the flavor, you can use almond extract until it evaporates. StyleCraze believes in credibility and giving our readers access to authentic and evidence-based content. Small quantities of almonds usually fit well into most diets, but eating too many may cause side effects. Cyanide is a poison that can cause death in high doses. To make brown butter, place the desired amount of butter in a saucepan on the stovetop over medium heat. This process reduces the amount of cyanide in the almonds by up to 97%. If this happens, it is best to err on the side of caution and toss it out. Theres a reason for that. Doing so helps accelerate your metabolism. Post-Covid Syndrome: Nutrients That Can Help you Recover Faster From Coronavirus. Calcium: 24% of the Daily Value (DV) Potassium: 4% of the DV. The average American only eats about 16 grams of the recommended 20 to 35 grams of fiber daily, according to the NLM. A hundred grams of roasted almonds contains 469 milligrams of oxalate (10). It brings a rich, floral aroma and flavor to desserts and a range of other baked goods but cannot truly be described as pungent. It's all about the proportions here, so don't add too much water.). No more than 7.5 ml of bitter almond oil used to create the extract should be consumed, or the results may be lethal. You can try almonds that are beyond the best-buy date. Bitter almonds are those that naturally contain a toxin that your body breaks down into cyanide a compound that can cause poisoning and even death. Remember to consume them in moderation after consulting your doctor. Having too much fiber one the body can also get combined with other minerals (such as calcium, magnesium, zinc, and iron) and interfere with their absorption in your body by decreasing it. Directions to make one pint of Homemade Almond Extract. This medication is often prescribed in addition to other medications to manage your condition. However, some find themselves regretting their choice a short time later when a mild to severe stomach ache sets in. If a dessert recipe using one or more of these fruits doesnt call for almond extract, add in 1/4 teaspoon for an X-factor. Only small portions are to be used in any recipe. That said, not all almond butters are created equal when it comes to your heart health. Is this an emergency? What are 4 main causes of voter apathy What are 4 solutions? Almond extract goes a LONG way! To clarify, NATURAL almond extract contains oil of bitter almonds and enough cyanide to harm you if you drink a lot of it. In fact, many people who like the mildly nutty taste of almonds say they dislike the taste of almond extract. One ounce of almonds contains 23 kernels (1). If you could witness one event past, present, or future, what would it be? What Are The Side Effects Of Almonds? If youre planning to ingest almond extract, or any recipe containing the extract, its highly recommended that you consult your physician before using it. Many have long believed that because one of the extracts ingredients is alcohol, it would cause an upset stomach if it expired. Read more: Signs and Symptoms of Too Much Fiber in the Diet Advertisement Is this an emergency? May Cause Constipation Almonds are rich in fiber. for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. It is highly unlikely almonds by themselves can cause weight gain. Preheat the oven to 350 degrees. Almonds have been mentioned in many texts dating back to 1400 BC, including the Bible and Greek mythological stories. Ever had the thought that your peach pit looks awfully like an almond? Expert Explains, Spine Cancer: Symptoms, Risk And Treatment, Risk Of Pneumonia In Kids Doubles In Winters, Understand Potential Causes and Prevention, Dealing With Wrinkles? Every ounce of almonds contains around 3.5 of fiber. The results of a randomized controlled trial published in the December 2018 European Journal of Nutrition found that, contrary to popular belief, softening almonds by soaking them prior to consumption "does not improve gastrointestinal tolerance.". You will need to account for the calories in almonds when setting up your meal plan so you can avoid consuming too much. They both have a rich, sweet flavor that is perfect for many recipes. This article examines the side effects of almonds and any potential drug interactions. Almond extract is a common additive in baking recipes and is often used to give the cake or pastry a sweet, almond flavor. After walnuts and cashews, almonds cause most tree nut allergies in the US (5). Nausea, vomiting, agitation, prolonged drowsiness, and coma are all possible. If you have an almond allergy or sensitivity, it is important to be aware of the potential hazard and avoid eating them. There are ways to counteract the flavor of vanilla extract without using any additional ingredients. I find that a tiny, microscopic, 1/8 of a teaspoon of almond extract adds a little depth to citrus desserts, he says. Fans of marzipan often like almond extract. He graduated from SRM University, Chennai, and has a Professional Certificate in Food, Nutrition & Research from Wageningen University. It is a popular fact that almonds are one of the most nourishing and wholesome nuts. Almonds also can cause a much severe allergic reaction called anaphylaxis (7). Almond extract is a flavoring made from almonds. Then she soaks the kernels in 2 cups of vodka in a mason jar for up to three months. If your extract has developed a strong alcohol smell, taste, or a change to its appearance, the odds are good that you should toss it out. Drain quickly and rinse with cold water. Sorbitol is a sweet crystalline compound that can deteriorate irritable bowel syndrome in humans and aggravate so . Walnuts: 5 Major Side Effects + How Many Walnuts To Eat, 12 Health Benefits Of Pistachio & Effects If You Eat Too Many, 7-Day Raw Food Diet What To Eat, Benefits, And Side Effects, Benefits Of Cashew Nuts, Nutrition Facts, And Side Effects, 11 Health Benefits Of Almonds, Nutrition Facts, & Side Effects.
Does Tcs Give Joining Bonus To Lateral Entry, Protemp Pt 220t Dfv Parts, Hyundai Capital America Secure Messaging Notification, Articles C