[44] Upon hearing he was due to return to Moscow, Hyhnen was fearful that he would be severely disciplined or even executed. While it is not known for certain where Fisher went or what he did, it is believed he travelled to Santa Fe, New Mexico, the collection point for stolen diagrams from the Manhattan Project. They were to resurface in the United Kingdom using the identities of Peter and Helen Kroger. He only speaks of seeing heavily armed East German guards at the wall, along with observation towers and machine-gun emplacements. Please check.. The key to this mystery proved to be a 36-year-old Lieutenant Colonel of the Soviet State Security Service (KGB). In Moscow, however, plans were being made for a new Eugene Maki, one thoroughly grounded in Soviet intelligence techniques, to enter the scene. [13] It was during this period that Fisher developed an interest in amateur radio, constructing rudimentary spark transmitters and receivers. Even his wife knew him only as Eugene Maki, so carefully did he cover his previous life. Fisher understood Hyhnen was unreliable. As the years passed, memories of the Maki family gradually began to fade, and all but possibly two or three old time residents of Enaville, Idaho, forgot that there has ever been a Maki family in that area. Using this passport, he sailed October 16, 1952 from Southhampton, England aboard the Queen Mary and arrived at New York City on October 21, 1952. No. Kitty Harris, a former pupil of Fisher's, had spent a year in Santa Fe during the war, where she passed secrets from physicists to couriers. Two Coats of Paint is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License. The moment his eyes fell upon a picture of Mikhail Nikolaevich Svirin, Hayhanen straightened up in his chair and announced, Thats the one. [2] The prosecution failed to find any other alleged members of Fisher's spy network, if there were any. -The Milwaukee Journal. His codename was "MARK". His full name is Ivan Alexandrovich Schischkin and he was the second secretary of the Soviet Embassy. The careful agent chose not to escape, but to destroy the important documents - and was arrested in a hotel room which he was using for radio communication sessions. Place seems right. He sent her a cable from London telling her he was heading to Scotland. The real James B. Kennedy thanks James B. The certificate in the name of Collins was a forgery. One of these dead drops was an iron picket fence at the end of 7th Avenue near Macombs bridge. 2613 Yates Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, US 323-724-8102. https://www.abell.com. [27], In July 1949, Fisher met with a "legal" KGB resident from the Soviet consulate general, who provided him with money. If using any of Russia Beyond's content, partly or in full, always provide an active hyperlink to the original material. Six months later Abel sent Donovan two 16th-century vellum-bound editions of the Commentaries on the Justinian Code. [45], During Fisher's detainment the FBI had been searching his hotel room and photo studio, where they discovered espionage equipment including shortwave radios, cipher pads, cameras and film for producing microdots, a hollow shaving brush, and numerous "trick" containers including hollowed-out bolts. Inside was a tiny photograph, showing a series of numbers too small to read. The face of the coin was a 1948 Jefferson nickel. Hyhnen was able only to provide Fisher's codename, "MARK", and a description. I thought it was very good. [26] His new passport bore the name Andrew Kayotis, the first of Fisher's false identities. What happened to Rudolf Abel? Find a drawing idea that suits your needs. Fishers liaison person with Moscow was Yuri Sokolov (Klod). [27], On 26 November, Fisher met with Soviet "illegal" Josef Romvoldovich Grigulevich (codenamed "MAKS" or "ARTUR"). [41] Fisher sometimes related made-up stories of previous lives, as a Boston accountant and a lumberjack in the Pacific Northwest. THE PACKAGE WAS DELIVERED TO YOUR WIFE PERSONALLY. (Photo courtesy, By the time Paul Vexler chose to pursue his art full time in 2006, he already had decades of experience and a unique command over his favored material. Through March 19, 2023 Frank Lloyd Wright's Graycliff. Donovan did meet Abel's "daughter," his "wife," and his wife's "Cousin Drews" at the Soviet Consulate, and like in the film, he suspected they were impostors who the Soviets had brought in to butter him up. In 1931, Fisher went to Norway for his first mission under the guise of a radiotechnic seller. In September 1939, Hayhanen was appointed to the primary school faculty in the Village of Lipitzi. Art must be fun as it is intended to supply you with pleasure. When I finally had the time, I scheduled him to start the job and me being the indecisive female that I am, gave this poor guy so . In October 1948, using a Soviet passport, he travelled from Leningradsky Station to Warsaw. Prior to Nuremberg, the Bridge of Spies true story reveals that Donovan had left private practice in 1942 and held the position of associate general counsel of the United States Office of Scientific Research and Development, which oversaw the creation of the atomic bomb. In April 1957 (the same month Hayhanen boarded a ship for Europe under instructions to return to Moscow), Goldfus had told a few persons in the Fulton Street building that he was going South on a seven-week vacation. From time to time the man got up, walked around, and eventually left. High quality Rudolf Abel inspired art board prints by independent artists and designers from around the world. Rudolf Abel was the most important Soviet agent the FBI ever got on the net. They noticed William thanks to his excellent skills as a radio operator (he got them during his military service in a radiotelegraph regiment) and fluent English - Fisher was born in 1903 in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, to a family of Marxist revolutionaries who fled the Russian Empire, but then moved to the USSR in 1920. No. To an embassy official, the Russian espionage agent explained, Im an officer in the Soviet intelligence service. Rudolf Abels real name was William Fisher and he was hired by the OGPU (Joint State Political Directorate), the Soviet Unions intelligence service organization, in 1927. On 28 May 1957, in a small park opposite Fulton Street, FBI agents spotted a man acting nervously. He came to the U.S. under the guise of a Lithuanian refugee named Andrew Kayotis and then lived in Brooklyn as a painter named Emile Goldfus, who ran a photo studio. FBI agents were convinced he fit the description of "MARK". Yes. During Abels trial Donovan was up against a difficult test since the local New York population the media and all the government agencies involved in the case had already made up their minds that Abel who had spent nine years undetected in the US. -Strangers on a Bridge. #MochaZ #Viett, TUYN DNG NHN VIN K TON Get the week's best stories straight to your inbox. 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Sudoplatov later described this operation as "the most successful radio deception game of the war". He deliberately fooled his wife. Back in his studio apartment he opens up the coin unfolds a tiny piece of paper and reads the number-coded message. His name was Reino Hyhnen with the codename Vik, who had a bad reputation and severe alcohol problems. The information which he provided was applied by FBI Laboratory experts to the microphotograph from the Jefferson nickel. An investigation which had started with a newsboys hollow nickel ultimately resulted in the smashing of a Soviet spy ring. EVERYTHING IS ALL RIGHT WITH THE FAMILY. [28] Members of the network had stopped cooperating after postwar security was tightened at Los Alamos. He had returned to the Soviet Union in October 1956. Several former intelligence agents who had defected to the free world from communist-bloc nations were contacted. Thats Mark.. [27] The real Goldfus had died at only 14 months, having been born on August 2, 1902, in New York. The message apparently was intended for Hayhanen and had been sent from the Soviet Union shortly after his arrival in the United States. -The Milwaukee Journal. They also made several short trips together to Atlantic City, Philadelphia, Albany, Greenwich, and other communities in the eastern part of the United States. At the time he related this information to FBI agents in May 1957, Hayhanen could not remember the Army sergeants name. The Soviet intelligence officer Alexander Belov appeared before readers as some sort of James Bond modification, with adventurous antics and immoral acts. Background Since he was posing as an artist and photographer, nobody questioned his irregular working hours and frequent disappearances. WE CONGRATULATE YOU ON A SAFE ARRIVAL. The painter in question is Rudolf Abel (brilliantly played by Mark Rylance with wry, mournful soul), first seen serenely composing a self-portrait in his Brooklyn apartment in 1957, at the height of Cold War dread and paranoia. On July 3, 1951, Hayhanenthen living in Turku, Finlandvisited the United States Legation in Helsinki. During World War II, he again trained radio operators for clandestine work behind German lines. Rudolf Abel was a KGB agent who lived undercover in New York between 1948 and 1957. -Strangers on a Bridge As depicted in the movie, during Rudolf Abel's trial, Donovan had also argued that the government had violated Abel's Fourth Amendment rights by searching his home and seizing both Abel and all his property without a public search warrant or a criminal warrant of arrest. No. From 1953 to 1957, though every effort was made to decipher the microphotograph, the FBI was unable to solve the mystery. On May 16, 1957, FBI agents showed a group of photographs to Hayhanen. Click to read about one of the pieces of espionage equipment found in Abels apartment. -History.com. Now I need your help.. The U.S. got their shot down U-2 plane pilot Gary Powers back from the USSR in 1962. Investigation in Detroit disclosed that several persons there considered Kayotis to be in poor physical condition at the time of his departure from the United States. By June 3, 1957, the full text of the microphotograph was known. On June 21, 1957, he was arrested by the FBI, and on October 25, 1957, a federal district court in Brooklyn found him guilty of espionage, relying in part on testimony by Soviet Lieutenant Colonel Reino Hayhanen, who had defected to the West and who stated that he had been Abels chief coconspirator in the United States. Fisher was born William August Fisher[5] on 11 July 1903, in the Benwell area of Newcastle upon Tyne,[6] the second son of Heinrich and Lyubov Fisher. We have our own nationally accredited appraisers as well as a network of respected specialists in all manner of property. Soviet spy Rudolph Abel (left) leaves Federal Court here after being sentenced to 30 years in prison and fined $3,000 for conspiring to spy against the U.S. Fisher rejected the requests to work for the U.S. Government and didnt give the Americans any information about him and his work. However, on 21 October 1952, as instructed by Moscow, Reino Hyhnen left a thumbtack on a signpost in New York's Central Park. He returned to the Soviet Union in 1936, as head of a school that trained radio operators destined for duty in illegal residences. All orders are custom made and most ship worldwide within 24 hours. Art, Literature, and Film History . Among the items he had been supplied by the Soviets were hollow pens, pencils, screws, batteries, and coinsin some instances magnetized so they would adhere to metal objects. [10] Having been adopted as a protg by Pavel Sudoplatov, he took part in Operation Scherhorn ( , Operatsiya Berezino) in August 1944. [27] Kayotis had applied for and received a visa to visit the Soviet Union. Memorability Metrics. They were so inseparable that some people even mixed them up. The true story behind Bridge of Spies reveals that it took several months of negotiating before James Donovan was sent to meet face to face with the second secretary of the Soviet Embassy, Ivan Schischkin, in East Germany. IT IS TOO EARLY TO SEND YOU THE GAMMAS. Several weeks before he departed for America, Hayhanen was recalled to Moscow and introduced to a Soviet agent, Mikhail, who was to serve as his espionage superior in this country. However, a CIA inquiry into the ordeal found that Powers had handled himself appropriately. Donovan understands theoretically that every person matters. But Abels importunate request for drawing materials while incarcerated, amplified by his otherwise stoic faade, is Donovans real moment of recognition. What does Rudolf do when he is cleaning his painting pallet. During his eight years as an illegal resident he appears not to have recruited, or even identified, a single potential agent. Originally he was supposed to be accompanied by an American Mission officer fluent in German and Russian, but the U.S. feared that if an American official was involved, it would be diplomatically embarrassing should something go wrong. [45], When Hyhnen announced himself at the embassy on 4 May, he appeared drunk. The detective, in turn, gave the coin to the FBI. Svirin had been in and out of the United States on several occasions between 1939 and 1956. And both coins had a small hole in one printed letter so that a sharp-pointed instrument, such as a needle, could be used to open them. On the evening of Monday, June 22, 1953, a delivery boy for the Brooklyn Eagle knocked on the door of one of his customers in the apartment building at 3403 Foster Avenue in Brooklyn. While the surveillance continued at 252 Fulton Street, other FBI agents made daily checks on the dead drops that Hayhanen stated he and Mark had used. Hyhnen confirmed that it was "MARK" in the photograph. Obviously the painting shown in Spielbergs movie Bridge of Spies, painted by Able of Donovan was just the Directors idea to solidify the friendship between these two men. Fisher, or "Rudolf Ivanovich Abel", was to serve his sentence (as prisoner 80016-A) at Atlanta Federal Penitentiary, Georgia. The organization bestowed upon him its highest honor, the Intelligence Star for bravery. There were not enough. It wasn't until May 1960, when the Russians shot down the U-2 spy plane piloted by Francis Gary Powers, that Abel's case, in particular Donovan's talk of spy exchanges, became relevant again. [45] Fisher, unsuspecting, advised Hyhnen to leave the U.S. immediately to avoid FBI surveillance and handed him $200 for travel expenses. Another was the base of a lamp post in Fort Tryon Park. Donovan takes his job as an advocate far more seriously and does it far better than the CIA and most other Americans, some of whom threaten and harass him, hoped he would. In examining the nickel, agents of the FBIs New York Office noted that the microphotograph appeared to portray nothing more then ten columns of typewritten numbers. He receives setbacks but continues to fight on. It was composed of copper-silver alloy, there being a shortage of nickel during World War II. Contributed by Jonathan Stevenson / Bridge of Spies begins and ends with a painting. But despite his covert ways, Rudolf is eventually captured by the FBI. Fisher was aware of the "tail" but, as he had no passport to leave the country, he devised a plan to be used upon his capture. The story of a Soviet agent who operated in the UK and the U.S., was fired from the NKVD for a while and used in an exchange for an American pilot. Among the tenants was one Emil R. Goldfus, a photographer who had operated a studio on the fifth floor since January, 1954and who also had formerly rented a fifth-floor storage room there. -History.com, Believing that the CIA's spy plane had been destroyed and that its pilot, Francis Gary Powers, was most likely dead, the Eisenhower administration tried to cover up the incident by telling the press that the pilot of a weather plane had experienced oxygen difficulties and drifted off course. Rudolf Abel, in full Rudolf Ivanovich Abel, original name William August Fisher, (born July 11, 1903, Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland, Englanddied November 15, 1971, Moscow, Russia), Soviet intelligence officer, convicted in the United States in 1957 for conspiring to transmit military secrets to the Soviet Union. Letters that they wrote to their former neighbors showed that Mr. and Mrs. Maki were very unhappy and sorely missed America. But for Spielberg decency always trumps ideology. [6] In 1896, he was arrested for sedition and sentenced to three years internal exile. Photographs of the hollow coin were shown to them. Rudolf Abel was born William Fisher in England in 1903. When Kayotis friends in Michigan heard no more from him, they assumed that he had passed away. Full information concerning Rhodes involvement in Russian espionage was disseminated to the Army; and following a court-martial, he was sentenced to serve five years at hard labor.). In about 1948 he illegally entered the United States and, under the name of Emil R. Goldfus, lived for some time as an artist and photographer in a Brooklyn studio apartment, where he concealed shortwave-radio transmitting and receiving equipment. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. [31] During this period, Fisher received the Order of the Red Banner, an important Soviet medal normally reserved for military personnel. Here is a list of the best spy movies of all time that you should watch next. However, unbeknownst to the United States, the Russians had been improving the range of their missiles to combat the intrusion of spy planes in their airspace. He adopted his alias when arrested on charges of conspiracy by the FBI in 1957. Prior to his departure, Hyhnen returned to Bear Mountain Park and retrieved the buried $5,000 for his own use. [51], At 7:00 am on 21 June 1957, Fisher answered a knock on the door to his room, Room 839. As the search for the source of the hollow nickel expanded across the United States, hollow subway tokens, trick coins, and similar objects were submitted to the FBI Laboratory by agents in various parts of the country. His parents were peasants. Of course, this is exactly what happened approximately four years and three months later, when Abel was exchanged for downed U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers at the Glienicker Bridge on February 10, 1962. [59] The Brooklyn Bar Association approached several prominent trial lawyers with political ambitions, all of whom declined the case. He moved to Russia in the 1920s, and served in the Soviet military before undertaking foreign service as a radio operator in Soviet intelligence in the late 1920s and early 30s. According to the lieutenant general of the Foreign Intelligence V. G. Pavlov: The very first chapter of the novel, called The Shield and the Sword, aroused categorical objections from me and R. I. Abel. It is known he occasionally drew attention to himself by indulging in heavy drinking sessions and heated arguments with his Finnish wife Hannah. His real identity and country of birth were only revealed after his death. Donovan Tom Hanks an insurance lawyer appointed to defend him. A few Western correspondents were invited there to view for themselves the true identity of the spy who never "broke". The painter in question is Rudolf Abel brilliantly played by Mark Rylance with wry mournful soul first seen serenely composing a self-portrait in his Brooklyn apartment in 1957 at the height of Cold War dread and paranoia. He became friends with two other convicted Soviet spies. As Abel proceeds, he tells Donovan he earlier sent the lawyer a gift a painting, which turns out to be a portrait of Donovan in the courtroom. He died in 1971. His son, born in England and going to Russia with his father, joined the Soviet intelligence and security agency GPU (the predecessor of the KGB) in 1927 and operated in western European countries and the Soviet Union in the next two decades. He served four years of this sentence before being. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Alternate titles: Emil R. Goldfus, Rudolf Ivanovich Abel, William August Fisher, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rudolf-Abel, Federal Bureau of Investigation - Biography of Rudolph Ivanovich Abel, Rudolf Abel - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). In Washington, each effort to decipher the microphotograph met with failure. [62] The jury retired for three and a half hours and returned on the afternoon of October 25, 1957, finding Fisher guilty on all three counts. On July 15, 1947, Andrew Kayotis, then residing in Detroit, was issued a passport so that he could visit relatives in Europe. Donovan is widely known for negotiating the 1960-1962 exchange of captured American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers and American student Frederic Pryor for Soviet spy Rudolf Abel, and for negotiating the 1962 release and return of 9,703 prisoners held by Cuba after the failed Bay of Pigs Invasion. [16] In 1921, following the Russian Revolution, the Fisher family left Newcastle upon Tyne to return to Moscow. Instead, he traveled to West Berlin where he stayed for ten days, crossing into East Germany regularly to discuss the terms of the exchange with Ivan Schischkin, the second secretary of the Soviet Embassy. In this image Abel steps out of a patrol vehicle transporting him from his place of confinement to the federal court house in Brooklyn. Abell bought the business from a family member in 1912, changed the name to Liberty Auctions and . There could be no question of its accuracy. They were not convinced he might actually be a Russian spy until he produced a hollow Finnish 5-mark coin. He then sees that he may be defending an incongruously estimable man, and it triggers a new zealousness in his professional endeavor. The surveillance continued on "MARK" and, on the night of 13 June, a light was seen to go on in Fisher's studio at 10:00 pm. The real Eugene Nicolai Maki was born in Enaville, Idaho on May 30, 1919. After the war, he began working for the KGB, which sent him to the United States where he worked as part of a spy ring based in New York City. [49], In April 1957, Fisher told his artist friends he was going south on a seven-week vacation. Soviet spy Rudolf Abel was then swapped at Glienicke Bridge for downed American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers. The Soviet spy Rudolf Abel has written a note to James B. Donovan his courtappointed defender in a 1957 espionage trial thanking the lawyer for a copy of the. It is an absolute necessity. Since Donovan was given no official status, there would be no embarrassment to the government. His work at Nuremberg won him the Legion of Merit Medal and retirement as a Navy commander. [47] Hyhnen was also able to solve the mystery of the "hollow nickel," which the FBI had been unable to decipher for four years. [7] Revolutionaries of the Tsarist era, his father was of German origins and his mother was of Russian descent. He tried to busy himself with painting, learning silk-screening, playing chess, and writing logarithmic tables for the sheer enjoyment of it. The painter in question is Rudolf Abel (brilliantly played by Mark Rylance with wry, mournful soul), first seen serenely composing a self-portrait in his Brooklyn apartment in 1957, at the height of Cold War dread and paranoia. Rudolf Abel is the antithesis of everything you think when you hear the word spy. They sold their belongings and left their Idaho farm for New York to book passage on a ship to Europe. During his career as a soviet spy, Mark also had used many other nabel in addition to the ones cited above. However, prior to opening the coin Hyhnen had misplaced it, either buying a newspaper with it or using it as a subway token. The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) officials at the Paris embassy did not find Hyhnen's story credible. The name "Rudolf Ivanovich Abel" was that of a deceased friend and a KGB colonel; Fisher knew as soon as The Centre saw the name Abel on the front pages of American newspapers they would realize he had been captured. His ashes were interred at the Donskoye Cemetery under his real name; next to Konon Molody, who had died the previous year. Ideological adversaries like Abel and Donovan who submit to the connection, he says, can be heroes of a sort, and are always needed. Napalm Elegy TH, 1971. Then, in the summer of 1949, he entered Finland as Eugene Nicolai Maki, an American-born laborer. Hayhanen described Mark as about 50 years old or possibly older; approximately five feet ten inches tall; thin gray hair; and medium build. Should he be inside or outside? Entering the GRU, Fisher promised: I would better meet death than betray the interests of my Motherland, - meaning the USSR. The information which Hayhanen furnished to U.S. officials in Paris, France, in May 1957, was immediately checked. Its a gripping drama that takes us through the story of Rudolf Abel Mark Rylance an elderly Russian spy and James B. James Britt Donovan was an American lawyer and United States Navy officer in the Office of Scientific Research and Development and the Office of Strategic Services ultimately becoming general counsel of the OSS and an international diplomatic negotiator. The reverse side had been made from another nickelone minted sometime during the period of 1942 to 1945. He described Mikhail as probably between 40 and 50 years old; medium build; long, thin nose; dark hair; and about five feet, nine inches tall. Steven Spielbergs latest film is a penetrating and affecting consideration of the Cold War, based on a celebrated real-life spy swap between the United States and the Soviet Union. Bridge Of Spies concentrates on the role of James Donovan played by Tom Hanks the courageous insurance lawyer who agreed to defend Abel in court at a time when anti-Russian feeling was at its. Soviet spy Rudolf Abel has been working in the United States for several years. As a precaution, Fisher was ordered to leave the United States. The fact his parents kept British citizenship even after they left for the USSR helped William a lot. Theo TT200, mt s ti khon thay i, vy vay ngn hn ngn hng tr, cc anh ch i, em c 1 vn nh anh ch gip. Rudolf Ivanovich Abel, real name William August Fisher, was a Soviet intelligence officer. [14], Fisher became an apprentice draughtsman at Swan Hunter, Wallsend, and attended evening classes at Rutherford College before being accepted into London University in 1920. AP Follow Russia Beyond on Facebook The story of a Soviet. [] R. I. Abel resolutely expressed his firm reluctance to associate his name with such a hero "(V. G. Pavlov, Operation Snow, Moscow: BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role, FBI: Rudolph Ivanovich Abel (Hollow Nickel Case), "Mark Rylance wins Best Supporting Actor in the most high profile British win of Oscars 2016", "BAFTA Film Award Nominations and Winners 2016", A memorial plaque to the legendary Soviet intelligence officer William Fisher was put up in Samara, A True Story of the Cold War: Bridge of Spies, Universal News reporting Capture Of Soviet Spy Col. Rudolph Abel (1957), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rudolf_Abel&oldid=1133726683. About one of the pieces of espionage equipment found in Abels apartment May 1957 the! Since he was the second secretary of the coin unfolds a tiny photograph, showing series... Recruited, or even identified, a single potential agent States for several...., Hayhanenthen living in Turku, Finlandvisited the United States Legation in Helsinki later this! All manner of property these dead drops was an iron picket fence at Paris! 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Four years of this sentence before being experts to the government group of photographs to Hayhanen occasions 1939! Had passed away deception game of the War '' incarcerated, amplified by his otherwise stoic faade, Donovans. Yates Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, US 323-724-8102. https: //www.abell.com people mixed... His irregular working hours and frequent disappearances agents were convinced he fit the description ``! Small to read about one of these dead drops was an iron picket fence at the embassy on 4,! The hollow coin were shown to them covert ways, Rudolf is eventually captured by the FBI wife.! Abel, real name William August Fisher, was immediately checked his endeavor. An insurance lawyer appointed to defend him the name to Liberty Auctions.. With his Finnish wife Hannah left Newcastle upon Tyne to return to Moscow, so did. U.S. got their shot down U-2 plane pilot Gary Powers back from the.. Of my Motherland, - meaning the USSR helped William a lot find other.
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